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Exclusion of Hindus from America Due to British Influence
A 1916 pamphlet collecting editorials on discrimination against South Asian ("Hindu") immigrants, authored by Ram Chandra Bharadwaj, president of the San-Francisco based Gadar Party.

Har Dayal, "India in America" (1911)
Article from the July 1911 issue of Calcutta-based Modern Review written by Har Dayal, one of the founders of the Gadar Party. Dayal describes the lives of Indians in the United States, with an emphasis on four classes of persons: "the Sikhs, the Swamis and the Students, with the Spies as an abnormal gang." The article is signed off "Berkeley, (Cal.), U.S.A., April 28, 1911."

Hindu laborers
Hindu laborers. [Indian farm laborers tending field.]

Makeshift shelter for Indian farm laborers
Photograph of a "hindu bed," makeshift shelter for Indian farm laborers, most likely shot in California.

Indian farm laborers tending field
San Joaquin Valley Island. 1909. Hindu laborers. [Indian farm laborers tending field.]

Group of men outside a building in San Francisco
Photograph of a group of men, including South Asians with turbans, outside a building in San Francisco, 1910.

Men sitting on a wooden sidewalk
San Francisco. 1910. [Men sitting on wooden sidewalk, one Indian or South Asian man in turban.]

Mr. Shima (1914)
Produced in 1914, this 15-minute, black-and-white film captures the California estate of George Shima (born Kinji Ushijima, 1864-1924), one of the wealthiest Japanese-American farmers of the time. The film is unique in that it contains footage of several South Asian laborers on the farm, in two sections: "Migrant Laborers from India" (1:09-1:20), and "Onion Fields" (1:21-1:44).

Pardaman Singh, Ethnological Epitome of the Hindustanees of the Pacific Coast
Booklet titled "Ethnological Epitome of the Hindustanees of the Pacific Coast" by Dr. Pardaman Singh, published in 1922 by the the Pacific Coast Khalsa Diwan Society in Stockton, California. The purpose of the booklet, Singh mentions in the opening, is to prove that "Hindustanees at present residing in California and other Pacific Coast states belong to the Aryan race.

Girindra Mukerji, "The Hindu in America" (1908)
In "The Hindu in America," an article from the April 1908 issue of Overland Monthly, Girindra Mukerji, a student at the University of California, writes about the Indian presence in the U.S.. The editorial note also remarks on the 1907 riots in Bellingham, Washington.

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